The FTC defines Debt Consolidation as: You may be able to lower your cost of credit by consolidating your debt through a second mortgage or a home equity line of credit. Remember that these loans require you to put up your home as collateral. If you can't make the payments — or if your payments are late — you could lose your home. What's more, the costs of debt consolidation loans can add up. In addition to interest on the loans, you may have to pay "points," with one point equal to one percent of the amount you borrow. Still, these loans may provide certain tax advantages that are not available with other kinds of credit and credit cards.
Source: http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/credit/kneedeep.htm